Spanish American War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Spanish American War - Essay Example The two understandings made each side oppose the decisions that neglected to support their contention (Brinkley 56). This is regardless of the decision bodies’ aim which is to address history and guarantee that there will be no comparative examples in future or concealed ill will among the states in question. Court and revisionist translations have respected differing and clashing contentions in regards to the Spanish American War, where America brought about advocating its inclusion (Nunez 50). The part of Cuban mortification while under Spanish guideline provoked reluctant America to be engaged with the war. America contended that they were distinctly viewing the monstrosities Spanish rulers were executing in Cuba without thinking about the government assistance of the residents. At first, America was reluctant to intercede, yet because of consistent arguing by its neighbors (Cuba), it had no other option. As per America, it didn't mean to enjoy the war, yet their inclusion exuded from the sinking of Maine war vessel. This infuriated the Americans who, because of political impacts, constrained William McKinley to a revolt. The possibility came at a perfect time when they were wishing Cuban opportunity from the Spanish domain, which brought about the ejection of an extreme war. America guaranteed that its goals were earnest and implied best for the Cuban residents (Hernandez 7). Furthermore, court understanding contended that other than America’s helpful contribution in the war, it likewise needed to help Cuba in achieving freedom. This was from the citizen’s early consistent supplication before connecting with the Spanish protection from vindicate for the sinking of their ship. America planned Cuba to stop being a Spanish state where, by means of its maritime commitment, oversaw effectively to vanquish their adversaries, in this manner making Cubans beginning their excursion to autonomy (Hernandez 11).

System Dynamic Modeling Methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Framework Dynamic Modeling Methodology - Essay Example Framework elements is the examination and use of how the framework functions and how it could be enhanced and made increasingly productive. From the administration perspective, framework elements is an essential device without which any endeavor at compelling dynamic is full of grave dangers and threat to the undertaking. All things being equal, choices dependent on careful usage of framework elements are no assurance without a doubt achievement, in spite of the fact that they may help somewhat in keeping up business as usual after intensive preliminary and testing. As a guide to dynamic, framework elements has no other option. It consumes the whole domain of components, utilities, exercises, apparatuses, components, and even motivators and inspirations that go into the result of a solitary item. It is the root from which the administration could want to draw the organic products, and the pruning from which better development could be guaranteed [1]. The beginnings of framework elements incorporate the whole administration pecking order. It is a procedure which is as much significant on the shop floor all things considered at the most elevated administration level. The hypothesis of framework elements depends on specific suppositions pertinent to the creation and activity of the framework that runs the undertaking. The core values for the administration of the biological system are interlinked with those of the assembling units and a worldwide temperature alteration issues. Each of these is significantly connected to the next and their fruitful coordination is basic so as to shorten destructive nursery impacts and safeguard life and normal assets. The modalities for planning multipurpose framework elements depend on the perception and investigations of a few controls of both normal and synthetic request. Biological systems and natural procedures identified with hydrology, hydrochemistry, hydrobiology, water bodies, thermodynamics, ecological topography, science and measurements covering environments and biology, mechanical insights, waste and contamination the board insights and ways to deal with data frameworks and activities explore are a portion of the significant highlights that accept conspicuousness being developed of framework elements demonstrating approach. It is important to guarantee the segments involving every framework assessment doesn't cover with various trains, or regardless of whether they do they don't present twisted however exact data with regards to the personality of the factor or factors the part of the framework is following. For example, on the off chance that there is a solitary concoction compound sullying a water body, at that point the segment of the framework following it ought to be the equivalent for the wellspring of the synthetic exacerbate, its course and its last goal. [2] Bit of leeway/impediment (confinement of the strategy) Framework elements gives steady criticism based on which choices can be taken and remedial estimates applied. In reality, the utility and extent of the framework elements lays on its capacity to give data to settling on the resulting strategy. Corporate arrangements and choices through suitable utilization of quantitative examination and determination of right data could bring about better odds of accomplishment. One of the serious issues with the framework is that the

Add Animated Back-To-Top widget in your Blogger Templates

Add Animated Back-To-Top widget in your Blogger Templates Blog visitors always like user friendly blog where they can visit the sites comfortably. For this reason bloggers always use different widget to make their blog more user friendly. As a result, Back To Top widget has got priority to back in top instantly without scrolling mouse for longer time. Definitely this widget helps to visitors comfortable. We have already god many Back To Top widget but most of them are used with .js file that is responsible to make your blog slower. So I am just going to share a Back To Top widget that will appear at the bottom of your blog when a visitors scroll half of the page. So it is not like old static Back To Top widget. If someone back into top then this widget will disappear. You can see the demo in my template. So let's proceed to the tutorial. Step 1Log in to your Blogger account and Go to yourBlogger Dashboard Step 2Click on -Template- Edit HTML Step 3Now Find thiscode]]/b:skinby pressingCtrl+F Step 4Paste the below CodeBefore/above]]/b:skin .c_images img {width: 57px;height: 57px;} .c_images img {width: 57px;height: 57px;} .selectnav { display: none; } .c_images img {width: 57px;height: 57px;} .selectnav { display: none; } .c_images img {width: 57px;height: 57px;} .selectnav { display: none; } !--Widget By www.bloggerspice.com-- Step 5Now again Find thiscode/bodyby pressingCtrl+F Step 6Paste the below CodeBefore/above/body a id='bs-bt-top-nav' title='Back to top'Back to top/a script type='text/javascript' //![CDATA[ $(window).scroll(function() { if($(this).scrollTop() 200) { $('#bs-bt-top-nav').show(); } else { $('#bs-bt-top-nav').hide(); } }); $('#bs-bt-top-nav').hide().click(function() { $('html, body').animate({scrollTop:0}, 1000); return false; }); //]] /script Step 7Now Hit on save Button

Evaluation Of Performance Management System - 1386 Words

1.0 Introduction Performance management is an ongoing process of communication between a supervisor and their employees to achieve the goal of the company. It also considers as the process of providing a better work environment for their employees to perform the jobs. Performance management system includes develop a clear job descriptions, select the right people in the right position, provide training to their employees, provide compensation and others. For example, Microsoft Corporation provides personal freedom to their software developers to select their own training courses (Brundage, n.d). However, performance appraisal is the process by which a manager compares the present standards and the employee’s work behavior. The reason is†¦show more content†¦If a company that have an evaluation against their employees, their employees will perform well on the jobs. Based on the evaluation, employees who perform well will receive rewards or compensation from the company. As the Microsoft Corporation, they will reward their employees some bonuses, stock awards and others benefits such as health and wellness, paid time off for new parents, allow employees to buy company share at a discount and many others (Perks Benefits, n.d). There are some objectives why we conduct this research: †¢ Firstly, to understand the importance of the performance management and appraisal of the company and employees in order to find some methods to improve it and not ignore it. †¢ In addition, to find out and show how to evaluate employee’s work behavior in order to place the right people in the right position to advance performance. †¢ Lastly, to learn how to manage a good relationship or skill of interaction between the supervisor and the employees. 2.0 Content 2.1 Description and discussion of the topic based on ten (10) relevant references In brief, a process which delivers criticism, responsibility, and documentation for performance consequences is known as performance management. It even aids staffs to contribute their efforts toward organizational objectives (Gallant, 2012). On the other hand, there’s a detailed version of explanation on the terms performance management. Performance management

Anthropology Is The World Safe For Human Differences

American anthropologist Ruth Benedict believed that â€Å"the purpose of anthropology is to make the world safe for human differences.† Each individual can experience the world in his or her own way, and learning about these experiences enables us humans to connect with each other and grow. Cultural anthropologists make it their duty to observe and take part in cultures that are different than their own, and to share their stories with others. Culture is a definitive part of the way we interact with our environment, and anthropologists work to uncover trends and similarities between different cultures. Not only does the exposure allow individuals to be more tolerant within society, but also more accepting. The world is filled with an abundance of information, and we can only become more powerful with it. By observing art, customs, behavior, and other definitive aspects of a particular group through a holistic approach, cultural anthropologists can gain a better perspective of a particular culture. Anthropologists are able to see how these definitive aspects interconnect, and what they say about society at large. Through a holistic perspective, an observer can understand the functions of a culture more thoroughly and accurately by looking at all aspects of what makes something whole. In the exhibit labeled â€Å"Of the Contested West†, researchers presented two sides to the same story. To Anglo-Americans, expanding towards the West was profitable, with chances for new opportunities andShow MoreRelatedAnthropology : The World Safe For Human Differences1292 Words   |  6 Pagesonce said, â€Å"the purpose of anthropology is to make the world safe for human differences† (Appell-Warren 2015). People fear differences because they fear the unknown – the idea of not kn owing and being on the outside really frightens them. This is why often times, society marginalizes people with disabilities because their appearances look different from what society considers normal or because their behaviors do not fit societal norms. However, the field of anthropology broadens the scope of understandingRead MoreAnthropology : Anthropology And Cultural Anthropology1472 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is anthropology? This is a question that can be answered in numerous ways, but we are going to define it as simple as possible. If we break the word down into its two components it means the study of human beings. â€Å"Anthropo† means human beings or human kind and â€Å"logy† or â€Å"logia† is Greek for the study or knowledge of something. When we put it all together, it is the study of human beings which can be very broad. Anthropology can be broken down into four subfields: physical anthropology, archaeologyRead MoreWitchcraft Essay1081 Words   |  5 Pagesinherited ability to cause misfortune or death. The user of witchcraft is considered to be evil or dangerous. Prior to the Enlightenment witchcraft was used as a way for people to explain the unexplainable. In the early 1900’s the difference between two types of human mystical evil was acknowledged, amplifications on these two types, and recognition of their near-universality was developed later. The first complete ethnographic account was Reo Fortune’s 1932 study of female witchcraft and male sorceryRead MoreBonobo Research Paper1305 Words   |  6 PagesAnthropology-101 BONOBOS Species Origination and Geographical Distribution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   -The bonobo is the most recently discovered great ape in modern times.   It was revealed in 1929 by German anatomist Ernest Schwarz that a skull once thought belonging to a juvenile chimpanzee was in fact a new subspecies of chimpanzee known now as the Pan paniscus, or bonobo. (Waal 6)   During the Pleistocene epoch approximately 1.5 million years ago, the Congo River was formed in what is now the Democratic RepublicRead MoreIs It Wrong For Pay For Sex?844 Words   |  4 PagesWendy Shalit of Williams College. Our experts against the motion were Sydney Biddle Barrows, infamously known to millions as the â€Å"Mayflower Madam†, Tyler Cowen, an economic professor, and Lionel Tiger, an anthropology professor. On the pro side of the debate, we have Wendy, who argues that human beings shouldn’t be used as a mean to your ends. According to Wendy, sex isn’t as casual as paying for a hamburger. Paying for sex is different because it â€Å"teaches on the deepest and most personal aspectsRead MoreDiversity At Workplace Diversity Within The Workplace3281 Words   |  14 Pagesgenre or class; it is difficult to categorize because of its complex nature. According to Res (2012), diversity can be represented as a variety of human aspects pertaining to different societies and cultures in the workforce or can be explained tolerating the differences. On the contrary, diversity is a quest of differences among human beings in safe, positive and nurturing surroundings and moves beyond simple tolerance with acceptance and respect (Llopis 2011). It is important that in the twentyRead MoreDifference Between American And Indian Cultures Essay1092 Words   |  5 PagesAs we know, all culture s have their differences. Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures. I have chosen to discuss the difference between American and Indian cultures. Particularly, the culture surrounding pregnancy and birth. Thanks to globalization, there are Indians giving birth in America and Americans giving birth in India. It is important to recognize that people from different cultures experience life in a variety of ways. These include different ways of lookingRead MoreThe Journey Of Man By Spencer Wells1200 Words   |  5 PagesAnthropology and genetics are two fields that, when put together, discover some amazing things. Most of these amazing things are written in the book The Journey of Man, by Spencer Wells. In it, he explains where humans originated from, and how we came to populate the entire globe. It is both humbling and riveting, and a great start to understanding how much work truly goes in to studying our past. The Journey of Man was an interesting non-fictional anthropological literary piece where the authorRead MoreHuman Evolution Is A Controversial Topic1338 Words   |  6 Pages Introduction Human evolution is a very controversial topic all around the world- mostly due to religion. Despite the conflict between religion and the science of human evolution, recently, there has been a statement made by Pope Francis saying that it is possible for both God and evolution (along with the Big Bang) to exist. The Pope implies He [God] created human beings and let them develop according to the internal laws that he gave to each one so they would reach their fulfillment (McKennaRead MoreEssay on Gender Roles in Dakota Culture909 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Dakota tribe were very specific and there were no crossing of the sexes. To begin, I think it is important to analyze the difference between â€Å"sex† and â€Å"gender†. Up until researching for this paper, I though that the two terms were interchangeable in meaning, rather, they are separate ideas that are connected. According to Mary K. Whelan, a Doctor of Anthropology focusing on gender studies, sex and gender are different. She states, â€Å"Western conflation of sex and gender can lead to the impression

Sexual Harassment And The Workplace - 963 Words

Sexual Harassment in the Workplace There are federal laws put in position to prevent sexual harassment in the workplace. Most employees sometimes don’t even realize what sexual harassment is are when they are committing this violation. On the flip side an employee may not realized when they are being sexually harassed and when is the appropriate time to speak up. Education on sexual harassment has increased within the workplace as cases are more public and fines are getting steeper. In this research paper I would fully discuss what sexual harassment. I will start on the origin of sexual harassment and how it came into law. I will discuss what environment of sexual harassment looks like in the work place. The reader should be able to discover the different types of sexual harassment: Quid pro quo and Indirect. I will show you illustrated trends of sexual harassment in the work place over the years. I will discuss how sexual harassment affect both parties, meaning the employer and the employee. I will back up theses affects by laws that are set in place to protect the employee and hold the employer responsible. I will give an analysis on recent litigation involving sexual harassment in the workplace. In my conclusion I will give a recommendation on how to prevent sexual harassment in the workplace and what management can to protect their employees. Sexual Harassment Sexual Harassment is defined as â€Å"unwelcomed verbal, visual, or physical conduct of a sexual nature that isShow MoreRelatedSexual Harassment At The Workplace1697 Words   |  7 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace Eva L. Mendez-Zacher MG260, Business Law I 28 September 2014 Dr. Anita Whitby Abstract I’m conducting a study on Sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment is possible in all social and economic classes, ethnic groups, jobs and places in the community. Through this study I hope to clarify the common misconception that sexual harassment is an isolated female problem. Although the majority of the cases reported are in fact male on femaleRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace990 Words   |  4 PagesIt is great to have a workplace where you are friends with your coworkers. But what happens when coworkers talk about other coworkers in a sexual context. Two male coworkers talking about female staff where coworkers in the area can hear. Your manager suggests that they can help you earn a promotion if you go out with them. This puts employees in awkward situations where they might not know if this is considered sexual harassment. If it is, an employee maybe unsure what to do about it. AccordingRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Workplace1396 Words   |  6 PagesEssay #3 Sexual harassment in the workplace has always been an issue, even before women were introduced into the working environment in the twentieth century. In recent years this issue may have become more publicized than before and not as overlooked as it used to be, but it unfortunately affects people all across the nation, both men and women alike. From that fast food chain where your kid is working at, to that fortune 500 company you’ve never heard of, it is happening. Over the last severalRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace2180 Words   |  9 PagesSexual harassment is among the many factors that make employees uncomfortable at the workplace. This vice is a sum of all the unwelcomed advances of sexual nature that employees go through from their colleagues or superiors. There is no gender limit to sexual harassment since both males and females may be coerced to engage in some things for sexual favours. Sexual harassment takes both verbal and physical form. Since managers are responsible for the provision of a comfortable working environmentRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1253 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace What cause sexual harassment in the workplace? Sexual harassment is defined as discrimination towards sex. It is unwanted verbal and/or physical contact between two human beings, however, in this case I would like to focus on the workplace (co-worker or supervisor). Based on Civil Rights Act of 1991, there has been an increased amount of incentives for employer’s prohibition conducts of sexual harassment. How people perceive and evaluate sexual harassmentRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Workplace1697 Words   |  7 PagesSexual Harassment in the Work Place: Building More Awareness In today’s society, sexual harassment in the workplace has become a problem. This problem should have more attention and awareness provided to help stop these situations from happening. Sexual harassment can happen anywhere, at any time, and to everyone. It does not discriminate and effects all ethnicity, genders, age, and races. Due to the larger number of cases presented in courts today, sexual harassment in the workplace continues toRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1359 Words   |  6 Pagesfor any company to legally define what constitutes sexual harassment in the workplace, but there are many ways to define sexual harassment. Everyone has different views and tolerance levels towards sexual harassment. When a case of sexual harassment occurs in a workplace, however, it comes down to how the courts define sexual harassment. The Supreme Court defines sexual harassment to be unlawful in two ways. â€Å"The first type involves sexual harassment that results in a t angible employment action;† thisRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Workplace Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace Introduction Sexual harassment is an ethical problem in the workplace. Sexual harassment is defined as unwelcome verbal, visual, or physical conduct of a sexual nature. It can affect your working conditions and creates a hostile work environment. It can also affect productivity, satisfaction, retention, patient care and safety, your physical well-being and mental health. It can also cause low staff morale, increased absenteeism and attrition of staff. This studentRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Workplace1608 Words   |  7 Pagessubject to sexual harassment ranging from sexually degrading comments to physical acts of sexual assault. Unfortunately for the women working at the mine, that was only the beginning of the harassment they’d experience. If this was not damaging enough, women were deterred, if not, outright sanctioned for reporting instances of harassment to management. It is reasonable to assume that culture at Pearson Taconite and Steel fostered a hostile work environment for women. Though the issue of sexual harassmentRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1697 Words   |  7 Pages Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Eva L. Mendez-Zacher MG260, Business Law I 28 September 2014 Dr. Anita Whitby Abstract I’m conducting a study on Sexual harassment in the workplace. Sexual harassment is possible in all social and economic classes, ethnic groups, jobs and places in the community. Through this study I hope to clarify the common misconception that sexual harassment is an isolated female problem. Although the majority of the cases reported are in fact male on female

Business Ethics Utilitarian Theory

Question: Discuss the ethical theories that may be relevant to each decision that Elaine and Dennis have made this situation. Answer: In the context of this case study, the decisions made by Elaine and Dennis have a number of ethical and moral grounds. As mentioned by Dion (2012) the Utilitarian theory of ethics says that an action is good if its overall effect produce more happiness than unhappiness. The acceptance of the lone application of the American drug dealing firm or the applicants in Elaines bank would create more unhappiness at the end than the momentary gain for the companies. Hence, the decision of rejection of the deals and the lone can be identified as ethical under the Utilitarian approach. On the other hand, the explanation of the ethical egoism developed by Nicillo Mechivelli can be referred in this regard. As discussed by Wolbring (2012) this particular ethical theory says that the end justifies the means. Hence, the decision of rejecting the loan application of Electrode International and the Brazilian company can be identified as an ethical decision. The lone would have helped them in operating a business which would create an adverse economic and environmental end. On the other hand, the decision regarding the cigar importing company was typically directed by the deontological ethics of Immanuel Kant. This theory says that the peoples action needs to be guided by moral laws and that regulations are universal (Dion 2012). This theory creates the basis of national laws. Here, Elaine took the decision against the Canadian company operating in the importing business of cigars from Cuba only because it was against the gridlines of the US laws. References: Dion, M., 2012. Are ethical theories relevant for ethical leadership?. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 33(1), pp.4-24. Wolbring, G., 2012. Ethical theories and discourses through an ability expectations and ableism lens: The case of enhancement and global regulation. Asian Bioethics Review, 4(4), pp.293-309.

Discuss How Management Theory and Practice Has Changed over Since the Early 1900’s Essay Example

Discuss How Management Theory and Practice Has Changed over Since the Early 1900’s Essay The evolution of management has been changed a lot since the early 1900’s. Many different management theories have been developed, the external factor also changing at the same time, such as the technology and the nature of career. Those changing influence the trend of management method. There are four major approaches in the past, classical approaches, behavioral approaches, quantitative approaches and modern approaches. At the past, efficiency is the most important in the earliest management theories. However, in 21st, these is no doubt that the globalize economy is performance-driven. There is a huge change in the main theme of the management theories. Bartol, K (1998) states that before the classical approaches exist, there are some people to set up the foundations for the nature of management. Robert Owen, Charles Babbage and Henry P. Towne. Owen concerns for the working and living conditions of workers. Babbage builds the first practical mechanical calculator and a trial of modern computers, and suggested profit sharing. Towne call for studying management as a science and developed the principles of management. All of their ideas are still affecting the development of management until the 21st. Campling (2008, p. 90) states that about classical approaches, there are three major theories: scientific management, administrative principles and bureaucratic organization. These three theories all sharing the same assumption, it expected the workers will rationally to consider opportunities that are available to them and doing something that can generate the greatest benefit. Bartol, K (1998) states that Frederick Winslow Taylor is known as ‘the father of scientific management’. We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss How Management Theory and Practice Has Changed over Since the Early 1900’s specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss How Management Theory and Practice Has Changed over Since the Early 1900’s specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Discuss How Management Theory and Practice Has Changed over Since the Early 1900’s specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He developed specific principles of scientific management, such as time and motion studies and wage incentives. Kurt Reymers (1995) states that McDonald is the most famous company using scientific management. The company found that when workers followed the scientific management, they would work much more efficiently. It makes the worker become efficiency, predictability and calculability. Campling (2008, p. 92) states that Henry Fayol developed the administrative principle. He suggested that all organization’s activities can fit into six functions: technical, commercial, financial, security, accounting and managerial activities. Also, he has 14 general principles of management: division of work, authority, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interest to general interest, remuneration, centralization, scalar chain, order, equity, stability of tenure, initiative and esprit de corps. Max Weber developed the bureaucratic management. This approach is highlighting the need of organizations to operate in a rational manner. He thinks his organization should have the following characteristics: specialization of labor, formal rules and procedures, impersonality, well-defined hierarchy and career advancement based on merit. Bartol, K (1998) states that those principles also get some problem. Scientific management will make jobs overspecialized, low quality and turnover. Bureaucrat also has some problems. Such as excessive paperwork, slowness in handling problem, resistance to change and employee disgruntled. The different of classical theorists and behavioral approaches is classical theorists viewed people as a machine, find the way to use it more efficiently, but behavioral approaches are about the employee’s behavior being influenced by internal reactions to aspects of the job. Campling (2008, p. 94) states that The behavioral approaches of management is assumed that why people are working is because they want to satisfy the social relationships, respond to group pressures and search for personal fulfillment. Campling (2008, p. 94) states that Abraham Maslow is famous for the hierarchy of Needs, it comprises five levels of needs: physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem and self-actualization. For example, Starbucks and SouthWest airlines in U. S. provided the best working place to the employees, treated their staffs as the most precious resource. Douglas McGregor examined the basic assumptions about human behavior, based upon the early writings of Fayol. McGregor Theory X and Theory Y helped find the ways to interacting with workers. Theory X is use for the people who dislikes work and need to be controlled. Theory Y is for the people who willing to work and capable of self-control. Bartol, K (1998) states that these approaches must set the goals specific and measurable (‘We want to achieve 1000 output in this year’), rather than vague (‘I want to perform better in my job this year’). Campling (2008, p. 99) states that the quantitative approaches focused on using mathematics, statistics and information to support management decision making and solve management problem. There are three main branches: management science, operations management and management information system. Management science uses mathematical techniques to analyze and solve management problem. Operations management is the function or field of expertise primarily responsible for managing production and delivery of an organization’s products and services. Management information system is the field of management focusing on design and implementation of computer-based information systems management. Bartol, K (1988) states that the problem of quantitative approaches that human factor is not easy to quantify and this approach only concern the performance of the organization ignored the other part of the company, such as: employee’s living and working condition, happiness in the working place, technology changes, system reviews or the influence from any outside environment too. Campling (2008, p. 00) states that the modern approaches of management are developed by the classical, human resource and quantitative approaches. Modern management approaches assumed that people are complex and variable. They have many different needs that can change over time. The key of modern management approaches is the systems theory and contingency theory. Campling (2008, p. 101) states that system theory is based on the idea that an organization can be imagined as a system. A system is a set of interrelated parts operating as a unit toward to the common goal. Contingency theory tries to match management practices with the demand of different situation. The previous theories such as Weber’s bureaucracy and Taylor’s scientific management had failed because they neglected that various environment influenced the management system and organizational structure. There could not be one best way for leadership or organization. This theory tries to identify contingency principles to actions, depending on the situation’s characteristics. Nowadays, the national boundaries of world business are rapidly disappearing. Campling (2008, p. ) states that the economy for the whole world is rely the resource flows and product markets on each other rather than only with the local. Globalization brings many opportunities to spread the businesses to reach around the world. Technology is the major component to make the world become globalize. Computer plays a very important role in our daily life. Internet and World Wide Web is the great inve ntion in the world. It helps organizations to speed transactions and improve decision making. Computers and information technology is an indispensable part of everyday operation. The information technology makes communication easier. It helps the people who working in different place and department can more easily communicate and share information with each other. It makes the organization more efficient and effective. Campling (2008, p. 6) states that the â€Å"E-commerce† is the biggest different with the past. â€Å"E-commerce† is the process of buying and selling goods and services by using the Internet and information technologies. It is not alike the tradition face-to-face transaction method, every thing is through the on line to complete. For example, eBay is one of the biggest online auction and shopping website in the world. You can buy anything you wants without out of your home. You just need to use your computer wherever you are. There is totally different with the past transaction method. Earlier management theory may not suitable in this organization, such as classical and behavioral approaches. The contingency theory will fit to this organization, because in this rapidly changing period, everything changing all the time, especially anything about technology. Contingency theory can provide a suitable management method in different situation instead of using the universal method. In conclusion, we can understand that the management theory is changing all the time. It’s always not absolute answers to the human related problem. Even thought different theory may have different problem and critique by some people, it still provided the foundation stone for the principles of management. Inspiring students to develop their own viewpoint. We have already review the past management theories, forecast the management theory will much different in the future of 21st. In the future, we possibly need to blend the approach with other successful example. It’s the way to secure the long terms prosperity of the workplace.

When You Want Your Home Made Just for You, Customize

When You Want Your Home Made Just for You, Customize A custom home is one that is specially designed to meet the specifications of the person who commissioned it. A custom home is constructed from architectural plans drawn up to meet the needs and stipulations of the owner - the first owner. Plans can be extravagant, drawn from a Pritzker Laureate, or modest from the local architect in your town. Custom plans are different from stock building plans, where the same plan may be sold to many different people. Frequently a builder will customize stock plans by changing details. The builder may change the type of siding, move a doorway, or even add a dormer. However, the house is not truly a custom home unless a designer (usually an architect) has closely studied the land and interviewed the clients to create a one-of-a-kind home that is tailor-made for the people who will live there. Basically, if you dont have it built, a custom home will not be built. Custom Home or Production Home? To build a custom home, you will need a building site and an architect or a professional home designer. A builder who specializes in custom homes may also offer design services. A custom home builder may be a production home builder, but the process and results are different. Because the process is a personal relationship, custom homes cannot be advertised. If the house was already built and ready to be sold, it wouldnt be customized to the buyer. Sometimes developers will leave parts of the interior unfinished to customize for prospective buyers (e.g., custom kitchens), but this is not really a custom home- its more of a customized production home. Know the difference, and dont be fooled by marketing and sales pitches. Examples of Custom Homes: Many architects begin their careers designing homes for specific people. For example, architect William Rawn designed a house for a couple in Massachusetts and author Tracy Kidder told the whole story in his book House- a good exploration of the conflicts that arise in the scope of a custom home project. The commissioned plans of a custom home are tailor-made for the client and location, but also often reflect the design style of the architect. Here are some examples: The Vanna Venturi House by Robert Venturi was built for his motherXanadu 2.0, home of Bill and Melinda GatesGraceland, well-known home of Elvis Presley, was built in 1939 for Ruth Brown Moore and her familyThe Robie House, Frank Lloyd Wrights most famous house, was built for Frederick C. RobieMaison Bordeaux by Rem Koolhaas was built for Jean-Franà §ois Lemoine and his familyMendocino County Wooden Cottage as a get-away designed by architect Cathy Schwabe What Is a Custom Home Builder? A Custom Home Builder constructs a one-of-a-kind home that is designed for a specific client and for a particular location. They may use plans created by an architect or by a professional home designer, so the Custom Home Builder knows how to read and interpret architectural renderings- a skill we assume all builders to have, but youll find degrees of abilities in the construction industry. Some Custom Home Builders also offer professional design services. Because each house is unique, Custom Home Builders generally construct only a few (less than twenty-five) homes a year. In most cases, Custom Home Builders construct on land the home buyer already owns. However, some Custom Builders will provide the building lot. If you own your own land or have plans for a particular home you want to build, you will need the services of a Custom Home Builder.

Martin luther kings letter from birmingham jail Essay

Martin luther kings letter from birmingham jail - Essay Example The passage chosen for this discussion is given in quotations below. This passage is a classic example of the manifestation of Dr. King’s charisma and eloquence. It also demonstrates some of the tools of rhetoric that King used in his speeches and writings that have a powerful effect on the listener. Some key sentences from the following passage will be taken for deeper analysis: â€Å"We have waited for more than three hundred and forty years for our God-given and constitutional rights. The nations of Asia and Africa are moving with jet like speed toward the goal of political independence, and we still creep at horse-and-buggy pace toward the gaining of a cup of coffee at a lunch counter. I guess it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say "wait." But †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.when you are humiliated day in and day out by nagging signs reading "white" and "colored"; when your first name becomes "nigger" and your middle name becomes "boy" (however old you are) and your last name becomes "John," and when your wife and mother are never given the respected title "Mrs."; when you are harried by day and haunted by night by the fact that you are a Negro, living constantly at tiptoe stance, never quite knowing what to expect next, and plagued with inner fears and outer resentments; when you are forever fighting a degenerating sense of "nobody-ness"—then you will understand why we find it difficult to wait. There comes a time when the cup of endurance runs over and men are no longer willing to be plunged into an abyss of injustice where they experience the bleakness of corroding despair. I hope, sirs, you can understand our legitimate and unavoidable impatience†. The very first sentence demonstrates King’s employment of a historical perspective to current political events. Here, the

Executive Remuneration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Executive Remuneration - Essay Example These debates on the director’s compensation has been seen in most countries more notably the Royal Bank case involving Stephen Hester and this has led to most companies developing their own measures and procedures to be followed in the remuneration of executives to avoid much pressure from the government and the public interest. The perception that Hester received much remuneration package while the shareholders were rewarded lowly in terms of their performance contribution to the company has raised much debate. According to Lee (2002), the level of executive’s compensation has continued to raise much heat to the public. Therefore the much interest from the public, state regulators, and the media have seen most companies taking more time and paying a lot of attention to investigate, documenting and announcing executive remuneration. In order to cool down the much heated debate, public limited companies should implement the following practices and legal procedures. Coming Up With A Compensation Committee Once a company has a specialized committee that knows her functions is a better way to ensure that the committee has time and devotion to attend matters related to the executive compensation. The compensation committee usually operates within certain regulated legal authority, and resolution that is written by the full board of directors. The legal restrictions are put in place to avoid much conflict between the board and the executive staff over the amount of compensation.

Renewable Energy in Bangladesh

Renewable Energy in Bangladesh Inleiding Being aware of the finite stock of fossil fuels and their negative impact on the environment, most countries over the world want to make use of renewable energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, bio-energy, hydropower, geothermal and ocean energy because they want to ensure energy security. The use of renewable energy has risen considerably in recent times, both in developed and in developing countries as well Bangladesh too. Bangladesh is a developing country with 154 million inhabitants. This equates to 1048 people per km ². It is one of the most densely populated countries in the world, with a population growth rate of 1,2% per year (Islam et al., 2014). In 2012, the growth rate of GDP was 6,2% (Ahmed et al., 2014). The economy of this country is dependent on agriculture and forestry. More than 80% of the population lives in rural areas (Islam et al., 2014). The rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization creates an increasing energy consumption (Islam et al., 2014). In 2000, the energy consumption amounted to 12,7 Mtoe (million tonnes oil equivalent) and in 2011 24,2 Mtoe (figure 1). It is expected that the energy in 2020 will rise to 185%. The electricity consumption per capita is 212 kWh. Consumption is lower than in other developing countries such as India (480,5 kWh) and Pakistan (456,2 kWh). There is a link between the energy consumption per capita and the growth of GDP (Islam et al., 2014). Around 76% of the population has no access to electricity, especially in remote areas in Bangladesh (Ahmed et al., 2014). Figure 1: Final energy consumption in Bangladesh (by fuel type) (Islam et al, 2014) According to Mondal et al. (2014) the biggest contributor of electricity is natural gas (82,81%) . The contribution of other fuels, such as oil, coal, diesel and hydro energy amounts respectively 5,6%, 2,4%, 6,9% and 2,8%. But there is a great shortage of energy. Energy demand is 8350 MW, while the supply is only 6000 MW. In the future, the difference will continue to increase (Ahmed et al., 2014). In 2021, the demand for energy is going to be about 18 838 MW and 33 708 MW by 2030 (Islam et al., 2014). 98,5% of all energy comes from fossil fuels, while only 0,3% of renewable energy. However, the fossil fuel is limited. This is going to be run out in the future. There are 23 fields of natural gas and the reserve contains approximately 566336,9 million km ³. Within the next 15 years this reserve will decrease. Recently it was discovered there 2,9 billion coal, but the extraction of coal is very expensive and the production of electricity from coal in a densely populated country caused a lot of pollution. Coal gives high CO2 emissions and thus harms the environment. Exploration and exploitation of renewable energy sources can reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) and mitigate negative impacts on the environment (Ahmed et al., 2014). Renewable energy technologies (RET) Renewable energy is the ideal solution for people that live in remote areas, but also for urban residents due to the acute energy crisis (Ahmed et al., 2014). There are infinite sources of renewable energy such as biomass, wind, solar energy, hydropower. Different types of renewable energy are discussed in this paragraph. Solar energy Solar energy is widely believed to be one of most viable and efficient renewable energy resources mainly for its abundant availability. Bangladesh is an ideal place for solar energy utilization. Annual solar radiation available is more than 1900 kWh/m ². It is found that 94% of the land area in Bangladesh has such radiation which is sufficient for appropriate utilization based on available technology. Maximum radiation begins from March to April, and minimum radiation begins from December to January (Islam et al., 2014). Nearby 32,5% of the entire population has intermittent electricity access. However, a huge number of population is completely out of electricity supply, especially in the rural areas. From a sustainable view point, this scenario retards economic growth and social development of Bangladesh which is, otherwise, a densely populated developing country. Appropriate application of solar energy, as one of the renewable sources, could provide a stimulus to overcome such social and economic problems (Ahmed et al., 2014). Solar home system (SHS) achieved remarkable popularity as off-grid power generation essentially in rural areas where on-grid electricity remains unavailable and the necessary infrastructure is still in its nascent stage. SHS can be viable as a way to energy solution as well as small rural businesses development in rural areas and is contributing to social and economic benefits. Solar home system (SHS) is a decentralized photovoltaic array module connected with a rechargeable battery that can produce 20-100 Wp. Generally, SHS is applicable to low power consuming devices like television, radio, light bulbs, and others. The efficiency of SHS depends on its dimension of array and the sunlight availability. For isolated remote areas in Bangladesh, solar photovoltaic array is the most effective and efficient way for rural electrification. However, installation of such a system is not cost effective for rural mass population where majority of the population in the remote and rural areas do not have adequate access to financial support. Grameen Shakti (GS), a sister concern of Grammen Bank is now providing soft loan to the rural people. GSs effort to solar home system also contributed to socioeconomic development. It is considered as an important stimulus for sustainable development (Ahmed et al., 2014). In 2012 there are already 1,320,965 SHS. By 2015 the government wants to install 4 million SHS (Islam et al., 2014). Wind energy Wind energy potential is not encouraging, except in some coastal areas of Bangladesh. Bangladesh has a coastal belt of around 724 km. The total capacity of wind energy in Bangladesh is 235 MW. Geographically, strong south-southeast monsoon wind comes from Indian Ocean and enters the coastal areas of Bangladesh. The wind blows continuously with an average speed from 3 m/s to 6 m/s over Bangladesh from March to September. This continuous wind can be captured and converted to kinetic energy with an integrated system comprising of both mechanical and electrical components. This energy can be connected to central grid or can be used to support local electricity supply (Ahmed et al., 2014). However, taking into account wind as a potential renewable energy resource in Bangladesh, disruption occurs due to lack of suitable wind map and the relevant data required to estimate the potential of electricity generation. Global wind data and research shows that wind speed not more than 7 m/s is not viable for large scale grid connected electricity production. But in some places, measured values of wind speed aren’t present in Bangladesh (Islam et al., 2014). Biomass energy In Bangladesh, traditional biomass such agricultural residues, wood wastes and animal dung, represents respectively 46%, 34% and 20% of the energy supply. From environmental and economic sustainability viewpoint, biomass energy is an effective energy source for rural population of the country. Bangladesh is endowed with rich biomass energy with a potential electricity generation capacity of 160,93 TWh from agricultural crop residues, followed by 121,768 TWh from recoverable waste, and 29,91 TWh from fuel wood, saw dust and tree residues. There are two kind of types of biomass energy namely biogas and biofuel. Biogas is a residue from animal and municipal wastes. Technology dissemination is very poor. IDCOL (Infrastrcuture Development Company Limited) installed 22549 biogas plants. 32% of the total biogas plants are not working due to lack of appropriate maintenance and technical knowledge. By the another type of the biomass is biofuel. Bangladesh is in early stage developing biofuel. Biofuel is produced from transesterification of oil, which is derived from energy crops. It’s no energy crop being produced for biofuels at commercial scale. The biofuel will be used as gasohol in the vehicle and the price will be reduced by 20-30% compared to other transport fuel. Bangladesh imports large amount of petroleum products with high price from international market and could save millions of foreign exchange as it is used a biofuel. Environmental pollution from transportation sector would also be reduced utilizing biofuel (Islam et al., 2014). Hydropower energy Due to geographical flatness, Bangladesh has limited hydropower potential. It’s 2 hydropower plants (Kaptai and Barak River) and it generates 220 MW and 1500 MW respectively (Ahmed et al., 2014). But small-scale hydropower is popular because of the low cost, reliability and environmental benefits. It has the potential to generate 5MW electricity. Most of the small-scale hydropower potential sites were discovered in rural, remote and hill track areas which can contribute to overall socio-economic development of Bangladesh ensuring power supply for the rural population (Islam et al., 2014). Policy changes Today only 44% of the population in Bangladesh is foreseen with electricity, and on top of that Bangladesh has very limited non-renewable energy resources of its own. An energy crisis and desertification problem in rural areas are not excluded. The government aims since 2005 to provide electricity for everybody before 2020 by the plan to generate more power from coal and furnace-oil-based peaking power plants (Mondal et al., 2014; PSMP, 2005). Increasing the fossil fuels to meet the growing electricity-demand counteracts the world’s attempts to stop (or reduce) climate change. In addition to the influence on a world-scale, the increased use of fossil-fuels has an influence on local scale as well. It’s proved that the power sector in Bangladesh counts for 40% of the total CO2 emissions and as a consequence there’s an increasing need to develop and promote alternative energy sources to reduce the negative impacts on global and local scale (Mondal et al., 2014). Mor eover, too much dependency on natural gas is obviously fraught with risks for power production and for other commercial activities (Sarkar M.A.R. et al., 2003). These issues could be eliminated if renewable energy is used as a primary source of energy in rural areas.Further is rational policy dissemination important because efficient utilization of renewable energy resources is yet to assume commercial dimensions. In this section, a picture will be drawn of the already taken steps in governance on the one hand and opportunities and bottlenecks for the implementation of renewable energy technologies (RET’s) on the other hand. Bangladesh’ government released in 2002 a draft renewable policy which provided modalities, procedures, tariff regulations, fiscal and other incentives,†¦ for the implementation of so-called RET’s (REP, 2002; Mondal et al., 2010). They did foresee also guidelines for the development of an independent authority for renewable energy, namely the Renewable Energy Development Authority (REDA). With this policy, the ambition is to have around 10% renewable energy of the total demand by 2020 (Mondal et al., 2010). This year has to be taken relatively because other sources mention that this share of renewable energy would contribute to national demand in 2030 (Ahmed S. et al., 2014). In 2008, the policy was reformulated and as part of that policy it has engaged with the development partners and private sector to boost generation (Ahmed S. et al., 2014). According to REP (2008), the objectives of the Renewable Energy Policy of Bangladesh include: to harness the potential of renewable energy resources and dissemination of renewable energy technologies in rural, peri-urban and urban areas to enable, encourage and facilitate both public and private sector investment in renewable energy projects to develop sustainable energy supplies to substitute indigenous non-renewable energy supplies. Although REDA was the sole authority administering all kinds of activities that could be related to energy – both rural and renewable – government decided to establish a new unit for fostering the use of renewable energy for power generation (Mondal et al., 2014). This authority consists of representatives of a large variety of stakeholders, including business community, academics and/or representatives from Bangladesh solar energy society, NGOs, financial institutions as well as implementing agencies (Mondal et al., 2014) and had to take following initiatives to implement the objectives in the policies. It had to take its responsibility concerning coordination, planning, promoting awareness, supporting the establishment of small and medium renewable energy enterprises and service providers, providing financial support in research and soliciting of grid connected renewable energy projects. The authority had to determine the priorities for the renewable technology development. SEDA will support capacity building, human resource and market development. Investments has to be expanded. Microcredit support is established to promote the purchase of renewable energy equipment and private sector participation and joint venture programs will be encouraged. In a way for example, for solar house systems – the most important source of renewable energy for the moment – three different financial systems are available today. On the one hand one can opt for the fee-for-service option. The installation is still owned by Rural Electrification Board (REB) and the users pay a monthly fee for the services. The second option consists the credit program of Grameen Shakti – a not-for-profit company founded to promote and supply renewable energy technology at an affordable rate to rural households of Bangladesh (Right Livelihood Award Foundation Archive, 2007). – where customers pay 50% down payment and the other 50% has to be paid over a long period (varying from 6 months to several years). Regulatory policies to distribute renewable energy has to be implemented Further, Bangladesh became a member of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) – the only inter-governmental agency working exclusively on renewable energy – to reinforce international cooperation. As mentioned before, Bangladesh is working to provide more energy to its people, in order to accelerate economic growth, poverty reduction, and social development. German companies are supporting these efforts through KfW Entwicklungsbank and the Gesellschaft fà ¼r Internationale Zusammenarbeit (German Embassy Dhaka, 2015). Renewable energy and energy efficiency is a priority area of Bangladeshi-German development cooperation. Finally, it’s important to recognize the importance of awareness and dissemination programs. When people lack information and awareness, government can do as much work as now, they can establish thousands of institutions to stimulate the use of renewable energy, but people won’t (or cannot) make use of it. There is one example where government wanted to implement bio gas plant into rural houses, but they didn’t involve the households in the project and as a consequence, more than 50% of the installations were not working because people were not able to maintain and/or repair the bio gas plants. Considering this fact, a lot of organizations such as Grameen Shakti, REB,†¦ implement this in there guidelines as well (Mondal et al., 2014). Conclusion Energy demand will continue to increase exponentially because of population growth. Since history, economic growth can be coupled closely with energy consumption and production. According to Hassan A. et al. (2012) energy can be seen as a sensible approximation to assume that energy use/capita will increase with GDP/capita. The relationship between energy access and social, economic, environmental,†¦ issues is relevant. Being aware of the finite stock of fossil fuels and their negative impact on the environment on both a global and a local scale and health of the citizens, most countries, as well Bangladesh want to stimulate the use of renewable energy sources. Therefore, the importance of government as well as private organizations in the process has to be recognized. Subsidizing and supporting private-public Research Development partnerships can make renewable energy projects a successful story. Those endeavors manifest Bangladeshs commitment towards development of renewable energy although Bangladesh cannot make use of all renewable sources such as solar energy, wind energy, bio-energy, hydropower, geothermal and ocean energy equally, because of morphological and other natural characteristics. New solutions to solve the renewable energy crisis in Bangladesh so by governance help it’s possible to promote renewable energy which is more advisable than diverting internal capital to import refined oil from foreign countries (Ahmed S. et al., 2014). Nevertheless, the promotion of renewable energy in Bangladesh is still in an early stage and new projects have to take not only policies into account, but also the people in Bangladesh itself. They need to make use of it, they need to have the knowledge to make use of new installations and they have to repair it. The local demand and income generation opportunities should be the starting point of the implementation of RETs and then, after all, renewable energy in Bangladesh can be a successful story of whi ch a lot of other countries can learn a lot. References Ahmed, S., Islam, M. T., Karim, M. A., Karim, N. M. (2014). Exploitation of renewable energy for sustainable development and overcoming power crisis in Bangladesh.Renewable Energy,72, 223-235. The Press Section (2015). Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency. Accessed on 5th of May 2015 on http://www.dhaka.diplo.de/Vertretung/dhaka/en/07/Priority/Energie__Seite.html Islam, M. T., Shahir, S. A., Uddin, T. I., Saifullah, A. Z. A. (2014). Current energy scenario and future prospect of renewable energy in Bangladesh.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,39, 1074-1088. Mondal, M. A. H., Denich, M., Mezher, T. (2014). Deployment of renewable energy technologies in Bangladesh: Long-term policy implications in power sector.Energy Strategy Reviews,2(3), 307-312. REP (2002). Renewable Energy Policy(Draft). Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Right Livelihood Award Foundation Archive (2007). Grameen Shakti (Bangladesh). Accessed on 4th of May 2015 on http://www.rightlivelihood.org/grameen_shakti.html Sarkar, M. A. R., Ehsan, M., Islam, M. A. (2003). Issues relating to energy conservation and renewable energy in Bangladesh.Energy for Sustainable Development,7(2), 77-87. PSMP, 2005. Power sector master plan update, Power Cell, Power Division. Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

The Scaffolds Power in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Scaffold's Power in The Scarlet Letter Recurring events show great significance and elucidate the truth beneath appearances. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne chooses the scaffold scenes to show powerful differences and similarities. Each scaffold scene foreshadows the next and brings greater understanding of the novel. By beginning with the first, continuing with the middle, and ending with the last platform scene, we can gain a better understanding of this masterpiece. At the beginning of the book, Hester is brought out with Pearl to stand on the scaffold. Here the scarlet letter is revealed to all. Reverend Dimmesdale, Pearl's Father, is already raised up on a platform to the same height as Hester and Pearl; and Roger Chillingworth, Hester's lost husband, arrives, stands below and questions the proceedings. As Hester endures her suffering, Dimmesdale is told to beseech the woman to confess. It was said "So powerful seemed the ministers appeal that the people could not believe but that Hester Prynne would speak out the guilty name." His powerful speech shows Dimmesdale's need to confess. This scene sets the stage for the next two scenes. A few years later the event is again repeated. It is very similar to the other and helps us understand the torment of Dimmesdale. As before the tortured Reverend Dimmesdale goes first on to the platform. He seeks a confession of his sins a second time by calling out into the night. He then sees Hester and Pearl coming down the street from the governor's house. As before, they are asked to go up on the scaffold and be with the minister. At this time Pearl questions the minister if he will do this at noontide and he answers no. He once again is too much of a coward to confess out in the open. The similarities continue with a revelation of another scarlet letter. Up in the sky a scarlet "A" shines forth. Roger Chillingworth arrives and tells the minister to get down from the scaffold. Chillingworth pleads for this so that he can still torment the reverend. As the two men leave, the scene ends and leaves us with additional information. It foreshadows a bigger and more

Criminal Justice Research Paper

1. Fred is drunk and driving his dad's car. Fred is a 21 year old student at Columbia College. Fred rams into a parked car at 10th and Rogers. Thinking no one saw him; Fred moves his car and parks it on an adjacent lot. He sprints to his dorm room in Miller Hall. A neighbor saw the wreck and Fred running to the dorm. Police are called and they arrive ten minutes after the wreck. The officers see several empty beer cans and a bottle of tequila (half full) in the front seat. The tags are traced to Fred's dad, who is called by police. Dad says that Fred is a student at Columbia College.Police run Fred's record and determine that he has two prior DWIs within the past five years. The third DWI in 10 years is a felony. Police contact Columbia College security who leads them to Fred's dorm. Fred is passed out, so security lets them in. The officers smell intoxicants, give Fred some Field Sobriety tests (he fails) and confirm that he was driving the car. Fred is arrested for DWI. It is his t hird offense, a felony under Missouri law. Fred is given a breath test, which registers at . 13 on the scale. During the processing of his arrest paperwork, the officers searchFred's possessions which he brought to the station, and a small quantity of cocaine is found in Fred's pocket. Fred is charged with DWI, leaving the scene, and possession of cocaine. What issues do you see? How should they be resolved? (50 points) First of all this, is a legal arrest. A neighbor saw the wreck and Fred running to the dorm. That is sufficient in itself to establish probable cause to arrest Fred for leaving the scene of an accident. The follow-up police investigation added more factors to establish probable cause to arrest for DUI and leaving the scene.A prosecuting ttorney will present evidence that a) Fred has no alibi for the time and date the crime occurred, b) he left evidence at the scene and in his vehicle, c) he failed the Field Sobriety Tests, d) he blew a . 13 on the breathalyzer, e) an d he has past records of DWI, and f) he was found to have possession of cocaine. The prosecuting attorney uses this series of specific examples to prove Fred committed the crimes. There would be an issue of whether it was legal for the security guard to give access to Fred's room. This issue would be resolved because it is totally legal for security uard to give access due to exigent circumstances. . Cole County deputies obtain a search warrant for Mike's trailer for controlled substances. The warrant was based upon information provided by an informant, some officer corroboration, and the fact that Mike has a past record for drug offenses. The deputies execute the warrant. As it turns out, Mike has no past record for drugs, the court clerk made an error. This means the warrant will be found lacking in probable cause by the appellate court. While executing the warrant, they observe large quantities of controlled substances, which they seize. While they are executing the warrant a man drives up and knocks on the door.The officers detain the man during the search. The dog accompanying the officers begins to bark at the man's trunk. The officers open the trunk and see large trash bags with a substance which smells and looks like marijuana. This man (Larry) is arrested for possession ot marijuana. Mike is charged witn possession ot a controlled substance. Are the drugs admissible in Court against Mike? Why or why not? What about Larrys case, are the drugs admissible? Why or why not? (50 points) Whether this search is legal or not depends on the exact circumstances under which it was conducted.In a situation like this, the police have the authority to stop and detain anyone coming to or leaving the residence as they arrive to execute the search warrant. Once you are lawfully detained, they have the right to conduct at least a pat down search for officer safety purposes. If the drugs were found as a result of the pat down search, there is no doubt that it was a legal search and seizure. Whether they could go further than a simple pat down would depend on other factors, such as conversation between the cops and the etainee, as well as other activity in the immediate vicinity and possibly even statements by other people at the scene.Determining for sure whether there are grounds to object to the search and seizure requires review of all of the reports regarding the case. Depending on the nature and quantity of the drugs seized, this could possibly be a serious case. In any event, the person involved should consult with a criminal defense attorney or, if he cannot afford private counsel, with the public defender if he is charged. Officer had probable cause to affect a traffic stop after he observed defendant ollowing too closely.Defendant's and passenger's behavior after stop provided reasonable suspicion to expand the detention, and a positive drug dog sniff provided basis for search of vehicle. I'm not aware of reason that the interpretation of the 4th Amendment would be any different in Oklahoma than it is in any other state. All states have to follow the US Supreme Court's decisions on 4th Amendment issues. It would be true that once an officer has conducted a pat down search and determined that there are no weapons, he is not allowed to go further in searching without either consent or a warrant.On the other hand, it is not the law anywhere that such a search must be limited to the feel of a gun. Any object which might possibly be used as a weapon can be retrieved during a pat down search. Whether retrieval of a bag of dope from the suspect's pocket would go beyond the allowable scope of the pat-down search would still depend on the totality of the circumstances, including what the bag of dope felt like (for example, was it a hard object that could be a weapon or a soft plastic baggie). There is another issue, as well.If this person is leaving a place for which a search arrant has been issued, the police already have a reasonable suspicion of involvement in criminal activity which would Justity a detention beyond a simple pat- down and identification. What else is said and done by others at the scene (cops and suspects) and what is found in the search may Justify extending the detention of the person who was leaving as a possible suspect in drug sales or possession. The search you asked about occurred under similarly exigent circumstances, the evidence was easily disposable and the intrusion was very limited.So, it seems to e, the evidence seized under the circumstances you described would still be admissible. 3. Kyle and Mel are detectives in the property crimes unit. They are investigating a case of leaving the scene of an accident. The victim's car suggested an impact on the right front bumper of victim's car. While canvassing a neighborhood on another matter, Mel sees a car parked in a garage. The garage is attached to the house, but the door is open. The car shows physical damage to the left rear quarter panel with smudges similar to those on victim's car.

Economy, Healthcare and Immigration Issues Business Plans

To give the president proper strategies, we must first understand the efforts he has put in the relevant fields and the current situation in those fields. We must also understand what America needs in future so as to advise the president appropriately. Let us begin by considering the economic field. When president Obama came to office, there was a total mess in the American economy: a deficit of $1.3 trillion, unemployment, banking system crisis, two wars, among others. The Obama’s administration has tried to get the economy back in track. Starting with the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that he signed few weeks after taking office. The main aim of the plan was to create over 3 million new jobs, improve the infrastructure and relieve the Americans on the tax. There have also been efforts to bring solutions to the housing and the financial crisis. The housing program was aimed at helping citizens refinance at low rates. Currently, the immediate economic problems hitting the USA include the rising cases of unemployment, inflation and dull credit markets, which are dealt with in the economic recovery scheme as the foundation for a stable future economy is put in place, as there are efforts of building the economy on a s ustainable basis. For the purpose of the next elections, the president’s strategies should put into account the current economic constraints. There should be better and clear means of creating more jobs. The president must state clearly how he intends to ensure that new jobs are created. For instance, he may consider setting up of more industries, opening up opportunities for exploitation, investing in the energy sector, widening the economic field, reducing the tax rate and broadening the tax base, creating opportunities for women as women form nearly half of the work force, improving the quality of the remuneration of the workers, investing heavily in the health sector since a working nation is a healthy nation, improving the infrastructure, among others. America should also aim at improving its relationship with other nations world wide to minimize cases of war and heavy spending on such. Looking into the current health situation in USA, the health care is still largely provided by the private sector. Well over fifteen percent of the Americans are still uninsured and a good percentage (about thirty five percent) is underinsured. This huge group is unable to cover the cost of their medical requirements. Considering the approach that president Obama gave when taking office, it is still clear that the approach is valid as a healthcare strategy in his next election. The implementation of this comprehensive healthcare reform plan is the key to his success. One assurance which the people must be given is that provision of proper health services remains the biggest government commitment. Of what importance is a good economy when the people are not healthy? This is the biggest question that should be asked. Provision of good healthcare services should therefore be prioritized as it determines directly the economic performance of the country. Digging deep into the proposals, the president should ensure that children have health insurance. Employers must also be ready to provide insurance to their employees. On the other hand, the government should give premium subsidies to the people to enable them buy qualified insurance. The creation of a national health insurance exchange is very important as it enables individuals to purchase private insurance. Most importantly, there should be an improvement on the quality of the health system and the infrastructure at large, expansion of funding to improve the primary care, and the support of preventive care strategies among others. In summary, the president should ensure that strategies that lead into quality, affordable and portable health coverage for all, are put in practice. The Healthcare system also needs to be modernized so that the costs can be cut down as the quality of the services improved. There should be measures that aim at promoting prevention and strengthening the public health. A great test on decision making and strategic thinking is under immigration policies, as it must lead to compromising of other crucial issues. Immigrants into USA have both the positive side and the negative impact. Negatively, they take jobs away from American citizens and put the national security at risk. This calls for tight immigration rules. On the other hand, the immigrants make the economy of the America feasible. For the balance of the two, the president must come up with the policies that harmonize the two extremes. There must be extreme strictness to reduce the number of the immigrants. However, the quality and the skills of the immigrants must be improved. The president should aim at giving more encouragement for the foreign investors. REFERENCE Peter, G. (2010). Health care reform bill 101. Christian Science Monitor Lorber, J. (July 21, 2009). Lobbing Increases as Health Care Debate Intensifies. The New York Times. Lopez, S. (November 22, 2009). The emergency room bill is enough to make you sick. Los Angeles Times. Eric, S. et al (1993). The Ernst Young Business Plan Guide. New York: John Wiley and Sons Archibold, C. (2007-02-09). Illegal immigrants Slain in an Attack in Arizona. The New York Times. Wilson, D. et al (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. Toronto. University of Toronto Press Peter, S. (November 11, 2008). Obama victory took root in Kennedy inspired Immigration Act.   The Boston Globe. Neuharth, A. (1 May 2009). College Decision Day. Melbourne. Florida: Florida Today